For decades in post-war Israel performances of works by Richard Wagner were banned. The associations between Nazi Germany and Wagner’s music were too strong in the minds of most Israelis.
The argument was not about the quality of Wagner’s music but the political meaning of it. I make this observation in the context of the furore over Bill Henson’s photographic exhibition, which includes pictures of a n-ked 13-year-old girl, to remind us that art, like sport, cannot be separated from politics.
All art engages with culture, at least good art does. Henson has been praised by critics and supporters for challenging our sensibilities and pushing the boundaries of social acceptability. So why is Henson, by all accounts a garrulous man, refusing to defend his work?
Artists and the artistic community cannot push the boundaries of social acceptance and then, when they get a reaction, step back declaring “I’m just an artist” or “Art is sacrosanct and should be above the fray”, especially when the reaction is the one they wanted, if in smaller doses.
There are at three ways of looking at Henson’s latest images. The first is to see them as artistic representations designed to elicit certain feelings and ideas concerned with themes like the vulnerability of youth, the transformation of children into adults, and the contrast between teenage angst and the pointlessness of life.
Something along these lines is Henson’s primary purpose and, it’s fair to assume, is the type of experience anticipated by most of those who would have visited the Roslyn Oxley9 Gallery to see Henson’s work.
The second way of looking at the pictures is through the eyes of pederasts and perhaps the much larger number of men who have normal s-xual lives but cannot help finding these sorts of images disturbingly er-tic.
In most of the public comment on the controversy these are the only two ways of understanding Henson’s photographs ─ they are either art or p-rnography. Within this conventional frame, they are art in my opinion. Despite her nakedness, the girl is not posed or presented in a s-xualised way; if they are consumed in a p-rnographic way it is not the artist’s intention.
Although not expert in the law, I would be very surprised if a court convicted anyone for taking or displaying these pictures. However, deciding that the photographs are not p-rnographic does not end the ethical argument. Despite the predictable positions taken by moral campaigners and civil libertarians, the situation is more complicated, which brings me to the third way of seeing Henson’s pictures.
Over the last decade or so advertisers and the wider culture have increasingly er-ticised children. They have been over-loaded with adult s-xual material and have had attributed to them forms of adult s-xual behaviour, including being dressed, posed and made up as if they were s-xually active, taught that having crushes and s-xual feelings is normal and even that engaging in various s-xual practices at their age is fine. Children as young as eight and nine are now routinely treated in this way.
This has been a recent phenomenon ─ previously it was only teenagers of around 16 or more who were presented this way ─ yet it has occurred slowly enough for most Australians to be inured to it or to accept that that is just how the world is. After all, when even respectable retailers like David Jones er-ticise 10 and 12-year-old girls in their advertisements, it is easy to dismiss any objections we may have as peculiar to ourselves.
The er-ticisation of childhood means that we have been conditioned to see children differently, as having adult s-xual characteristics, urges and desires. How else can we explain why we seem to accept mothers going shopping with 12-year-old daughters dressed like pr-stitutes? Why are we blasé about pre-teens watching video clips showing simulated intercourse? And why do we allow girls magazines widely read by pre-teens to advise that an-l s-x is a “personal choice”?”
Why have we done nothing about these and a hundred other manifestations of child s-xualisation?
In such a cultural environment, the n-ked body of a child, particularly a girl of 12 showing the first signs of s-xual development, can no longer be viewed “innocently”, and cannot but be seen by everyone, other than hermits, in a s-xual context.
If Henson did not know this then he should have, and so should the gallery owner and the girl’s parents. Putting the images on the internet was unforgivable, for in doing so they relinquished all control over how the images are seen and consumed.
It is fair to ask whether Henson was entirely innocent of the s-xual context in which his pictures would be viewed. Even among his fans, there seems to be a widespread feeling that his earlier images of intoxicated youths engaged in s-x in dingy settings are ‘creepy’ and exploitative.
Yet it is now clear that over the last two years, the Australian public has woken from its apathy and has become restive over the exploitation of children by the marketers and purveyors of popular culture. We should not be surprised that this disquiet has boiled over in response to the Henson exhibition.
I suspect that the extraordinary levels of anxiety over paedophilia in recent years have represented, at least in part, an over-compensation by society for its complicity in permitting children to be s-xualised. Now that anger is being directed at the real targets, Henson’s latest work might be collateral damage or it might be more deeply implicated.
CRIKEY: See Leo Schofield in conversation with Bill Henson here.
Crikey hyphenates words like s-x and v-gina not out of prudery, but in an attempt to lull over-zealous email spam filters into a false sense of security.
Surely it’s obvious that youth has been one of zillions of topics up for depiction for decades. Children are just one focus of the human species in its evolution through a myriad of situations across centuries. To ignore they exist is bizarre. To assume babies, toddlers and teens have no expression, emotion or body type worth reproduction or comment, tells us our society is so driven by the un-natural we’ve literally thrown the baby out with the bathwater. Banning analysis or depiction of the human species in all stages from birth to death is archaic.
Pornography involves the exposure of genitalia and sexual acts. Sexual abuse involves physical contact.
Consent of minors is given by parents. If the photographic subject has suffered as a result of this episode then that should be dealt with appropriately.
Recently I flew to Qld with my wife & 2 children. We got seat allocations over the internet with me seated behind them. At the boarding gate I was paged & told that because my seat allocation was next to 2 unaccompanied teenage girls and I am a middle aged man I would have to moved elsewhere.
We need to make the response proportional to the risk.
I absolutely agree with Clive Hamilton.
In the eyes of some people nude photo’s of pre-pubescent children may be art, whilst in the eyes of pedophiles and perverts it simply feeds their sexual appetite.
However, one also needs to ask why we allow people to profit from childhood. Whether that profit is financial or enhancing an artist’s reputation makes no difference , profiting from childhood is a despicable undesirable occupation. It should be illegal. Also R Vincent, just calling something art, does not make it so. And there is nothing prudish about protecting the rights of children to be allowed to have a childhood, free from the profiteering of marketers and purveyors of popular culture and free from so called art and artists!
Art is a form of beauty that should be conducive to the health and wellbeing of a community, not to its debasement. What you call prudish , I call responsibility , the responsibility of an adult to protect a little child innocence.
Clive Hamilton’s thoughful article was spot on. It certainly is not a matter of pornography, but rather one of the exploitation of children. I do hope we can carry our protests to the advertising industry who seem to be quite merciless in their exploitation of children.
Martyn. For the record, I too think calling in the police and proposing criminal charges is a serious mistake. A civil remedy is much more appropriate, and I think we have had that in the last few days. It worries me a great deal that some talk-back commentators are calling for a lynch-mob, and getting plenty of volunteers from their listeners. I would hope that within the arts community there will be, as a result of this furore, a better understanding of the implications of presenting children in the way Bill Henson did. But I hope even more that this controversy has sent a chill down the spines of those who run the advertising agencies, girls magazines and television stations that are responsible for sexualising children.