Astute readers of these pages may have noticed a conspiracy afoot in recent times. The children of Queensland have been scheming to embarrass the Education Department. Without fear or favour the juvenile delinquents have relentlessly failed to be educated. The result is that Queensland has demonstrated a resounding lack of achievement in national educational benchmarks.
Not one to be cornered by mewling infants, Premier Bligh tore a page from Populist Leadership for Dummies and immediately appointed a new “Czar of making it look like something is being done” (at least until the next election). But the new Fixer, Melbourne-based Professor Geoff Masters, may find he has bitten off more than he can chew when discovers the latest innovation in Queensland education.
From the start of this term it is compulsory for all Queensland primary school students to attend to schooling for half an hour less per day. We’ve suffered through some pretty bizarre educational theories in Queensland in the last thirty years or so, but not even the most wacky has proposed that exposing children to less education will make them smarter.
Recent research out of Johns Hopkins University suggests that exactly the opposite is true especially for the most disadvantaged in our classrooms. The more exposure a child gets to formal education the more likely they are to achieve better results in standardised tests. This is true of any child but the impact is more profound in the children of low and middle income earners.
However, our fearless leaders are not about to have their policies derailed by mere research based on long term, large cohort studies. As part of its Smart Moves policy, the Queensland Government will require that all primary school children participate in 30 minutes of compulsory ‘moderate intensity’ physical activity from next term. This time is to be taken out of class time, thereby reducing actual teaching time by about 10 percent.
Prompted by exploding childhood obesity numbers, the thinking behind the policy is obviously that if our kids can’t be smart at least they’ll be thin. Everyone knows that looking good is more important than acing tests, particularly in the Sunshine State. Clearly we’ll need to throw out our Smart State number plates.
If only being thin were simply a matter of running around the playground for an extra half an hour a day. Unfortunately, the research once again fails to support the policy makers. Presumably one of the sources for the idea is the joint guideline on physical activity published by the American Heart Association and the American College of Sports Medicine in August 2007. After reviewing the available evidence, they recommended that 30 minutes of moderate physical activity five days a week is necessary to “promote and maintain health”.
Noticeably absent from the guideline is any suggestion that exercise would definitely lead to any weight reduction. The best they could come up with was:
It is reasonable to assume that persons with relatively high daily energy expenditures would be less likely to gain weight over time, compared with those who have low energy expenditures. So far, data to support this hypothesis are not particularly compelling …
The problem with exercise is that it just doesn’t burn that many calories. And any calories that it does chew through are very easily replaced with microscopic changes in diet. As Louis Newburgh of the University of Michigan once famously calculated, a 110 kilo man will burn just three Calories walking up a flight of stairs.
“He will have to climb 20 flights of stairs to rid himself of the energy contained in one slice of bread!” said Newburgh.
A quick bit of maths on a calorie counter tells us that the average child will burn about 75 more Calories in 30 minutes of moderate exercise than they would have if they had been sitting in a classroom. That’s about the same number of Calories as the small fruit juice popper which their parents will inevitably feel they require after bouncing around in the sun for half an hour.
None of this is to suggest that there are not good health reasons for exercise, merely that weight loss shouldn’t be the primary motivating factor. But the reality is that, as Newburgh and a slew of those that followed found, exercise actually makes us hungrier and prone to eating more. This is perhaps why the American Heart Association was less than fulsome in its support of the concept.
It’s time the Premier spent less time pounding the pavement in search of a win in the Bridge to Brisbane and more time hitting the books. Our children do not need less time in the classroom. And they certainly don’t need to be missing school to satisfy a mythology about obesity (and how to cure it) which has no foundation in reality. If Queenslanders don’t want to be printing “Fat and Dumb State” on their number plates, then it’s time to start looking at what the science really says rather than creating yet another feel-good review to get us past today’s ugly headlines.
David has encapsulated Queensland’s DNA of using bizarre kneejerk responses to crisis situations. This state does have major social issues arising from its political and geographic roots. It is stuck in a time warp just like the states in the US deep south. Trying to deny it doesn’t have massive disadvantages is denying the bleeding obvious. And why Rosemary Stanton assumes all health policies apply to an uneven playing field I’ve no idea. Queensland IS a whole new frontier whether our politically correct or just plain ignorant southerners want to admit it or not. Its time some of our apolitical social advocates stepped out of universities to tell it how it really is.
David Gillespie obviously has not read many of the studies showing the value of increasing physical activity in schools. Writing in the International Journal of Obesity in Dec 2008, Katz and colleagues conclude from 21 studies that “Combination nutrition and physical activity interventions are effective at achieving weight reduction in school settings”.
Including physical activity is an important adjunct to better nutrition. Queensland has already done more than other states to improve children’s eating habits in schools through rules about what schools can sell in canteens, sending home guidelines for healthier meals and outlawing fundraising by selling confectionery and other junk. It’s also notable that the percentage of overweight children is lower in Queensland than in other states (although still way too high).
The Body Owner’s Program trialled in South Australians schools some years ago found that when part of the school day was given to physical activity, the children’s learning progressed faster than in schools in similar socioeconomic areas where physical activity was not included.
Physical activity does more than burn kilojoules of energy – it also helps control appetite. Indeed, as farmers know well, if you want any animal to overeat, you curtail its physical activity and its appetite control goes haywire and it overeats and gets fat. And any teacher will tell you that sending disruptive kids for a run improves their behaviour in the classroom.
I don’t think we get far in trying to pit physical activity against what kids eat: both are important.
Two things. First – is this the same article as appeared in the Courier Mail earlier this week? Is this a new standard for Crikey? Quoting (unacknowledged) from the Courier Mail? Aside from the journalistic ethics (what?) of lifting material from a print publication, has Crikey sunk so low and become so desperate for copy it needs to bandicoot the Courier? Second – when I was teaching in Queensland state schools an eon ago (when we taught spelling and tables and grammar and all that junk) we also used to have up to three 30 minute swimming lessons a week (no rashies; no sun screen; no shade cloth) and “sports” for an hour on Friday afternoons. And art and music. Then the new-age wowsers tried to ban sports afternoon – too competitive, it seemed. So how the proposed 30 minutes of star jumps and tunnel ball compares in today’s crowded curriculum, I can’t be sure, but Gillespie needs to get some perspective – starting with a review of the allocation of time that used to be accorded primary school curriculum topics back in the bad old days. I’m pretty sure we can demonstrate both the positive values of activity and coach for the benchmark tests.
Two thing. First – is this the same article as appeared in the Courier Mail earlier this week? Is this a new standard for Crikey? Quoting (unacknowledged) from the Courier Mail? Aside from the journalistic ethics (what?) of lifting material from a print publication, has Crikey sunk so low and become so desperate for copy it needs to bandicoot the Courier? Second – when I was teaching in Queensland state schools an eon ago (when we taught spelling and tables and grammar and all that junk) we also used to have up to three 30 minute swimming lessons a week (no rashies; no sun screen; no shade cloth) and “sports” for an hour on Friday afternoons. And art and music. Then the new-age wowsers tried to ban sports afternoon – too competitive, it seemed. So how the proposed 30 minutes of star jumps and tunnel ball compares in today’s crowded curriculum, I can’t be sure, but Gillespie needs to get some perspective – starting with a review of the allocation of time that used to be accorded primary school curriculum topics back in the bad old days. I’m pretty sure we can demonstrate both the positive values of activity and coach for the benchmark tests.
Exercise is about more than weight control although those children who exercise are usually far thinner than their sedentary friends. Getting the blood flowing helps growth and skeletal development. It helps all of the organs operate more efficiently including the brain. It makes children more alert and therefore more likely to learn when they do spend time in class. Time alone will not do it as any child who has daydreamed through classes will tell you. Sport can help school become a more positive experience. If David Gillespie wants us to look at the science let’s look at it all including how children grow up strong and healthy, alert and interested in the world around them.