Next year is shaping as the year that the bulls and bears of the world’s last unpopped asset market bubble — Australia’s property market — will collide head on. The gap between those predicting yet another bubble and those predicting its ultimate popping has closed.
The bulls as always, emphasise the “fundamentals” — population-fuelled demand outstripping laggardly supply — and that “Australia is different”.
The bears, as always, emphasise leverage — that the true fundamental behind asset prices is people’s willingness of people to go into debt to buy them, in the belief that they can flog them for a leveraged profit to the next Greater Fool. And on the “We’re different because we have kangaroos” theory, the bears contend that Aussies are just as susceptible to a well-disguised Ponzi scheme as anybody else on the planet.
I doubt that most people realise just how different Australia has to be to the rest of the world to sustain the bulls’ expectations of yet another explosion in house prices in 2010. Not only do we need to defy a worldwide trend of falling house prices, we need to sustain that on top of a house-price bubble that has already exceeded the best the rest of the debt-driven world has achieved in the past 20 years.
Australian house prices rose by a factor of five since the 1987 stockmarket crash, far more than even US house prices. Even adjusted for inflation, Australian house prices increased by more than 250% from 1987 levels, while the best the US’ housing bubble could manage was a 180% rise before it burst in 2006.
One irony in the bull case is that it relies on the market not working properly — though the bulls push the supply-and-demand line, they also rely on supply failing to do what it allegedly does in normal markets, and responding to increased demand in a manner that tempers the demand-driven price spike.
They also are happy to receive state handouts when it keeps the bubble afloat. This year was clearly the year of the government-sponsored house price bubble, with the first-home vendors grant driving up sub-$500,000 prices by as much as $40,000. Those happy vendors then leveraged their bonus $40,000 from panicked first-home buyers into an additional $200,000 or so on their next purchase, which inflated houses up to the $1 million mark.
On January 1 2010, that government boost completely disappears, while the “right wing” of our schizophrenic government economic management system, the RBA, has declared that it might attempt to prick the bubble caused by the left wing’s fiscal boost to house prices last year.
So with one artificial prop to the market removed, and another wing of government threatening to prick what the first-home vendors boost re-inflated, we’re down to the final battleground: will Australians willingly increase their exposure to debt to finance yet another acceleration of house prices, and will banks and lenders accommodate them?
Lenders don’t have much room to add to leverage in the Land of Oz. We’ve long left the Kansas of the 1960s, when banks required a 30% deposit — so that someone with a $50,000 deposit could bid no more than $167,000 for their dream home. But having skipped down the Yellow Brick Road of rising leverage, the global financial crisis has stopped the Wizards in their tracks. Without it, we may well have cracked through the 5% deposit — which turns a $50,000 deposit into a $1 million purchase price.
Now their are rumblings that, gasp, a 10% deposit might be required in future — and suddenly that $50,000 deposit will only finance a $500,000 dream home.
That could be a nightmare for vendors this year — and, of course, for the Wizards of Debt as well. I’ll almost certainly find myself (and some friends) trekking from Parliament House to Mount Kosciuszko in late February 2010, since the final gasp of the FHB is almost certain to drive the ABS’s established house price index above its pre-boost peak of 131. But I expect that as I come down from the mountain, Australian house prices will also be losing altitude.
Steve it’s not simply a matter of being able to meet the 5% deposit – it’s actually a matter of being able to make the repayments on the rest of the loan as well.
To say $50,000 transforms into a $1m home is ridiculous. There are transaction costs such as Stamp Duty, which, on a $1m home in NSW, is around $40,000. Say bye bye to your deposit. Not to mention Lenders Mortgage Insurance, which again will kick in to any loan over 80%. Then these ‘first home buyer’s’ need to make mortgage payments of around $5,500 per month, every month, for 30 years, notwithstanding interest rate rises which will surely come.
No bank is going to lend that kind of money, as you adequately put. It won’t change because it’s not happening now.
The argument that $50,000 translates into a $1m home, but, by a magic slight of hand, and a small turn of the knob from the required deposit of 5% to 10%, will somehow wipe 50% off the value of an Aussie home is a property bear’s wet dream, nothing more.
All the majors are currently writing 90% loans only – 95% if you are an existing customer. This has put the brakes on borrowing power, yet house prices have remained resilient.
I admit I could be wrong, we may see falls in Australian House prices, but if my home was valued at $1m and someone came along and said ‘I can only borrow $500,000″, I’d explain to them the house was simply not for them and they should try for a more affordable suburb, before slamming the door.
Comparing the US lending system, and the sub prime loans being bandied about, to Australia’s prudential regulation and the laws we have in place, is like comparing the Dark Ages with Current Society. The American system was based purely on predation, by taking homes off people down the track and selling them at a profit. The financial system and the housing market here are entirely different.
“Non Recourse Loans”. Look it up. There’s a push in the right direction.
Steve, do you have any graphs on the supply side? Also, any estimates of the elasticity of demand? The property price crash in the USA had at least something to do with oversupply, as well as the non recourse loans Adam talks about. Hope you have stout walking boots. 😉
the supply / demand relationship is such a useful measure
the US example sought to mass-market-ise investment / development
the banks tilted the relationship to increase demand by decreasing the stringency on loans which allowed the common man to leverage his assets, creating more demand and feeding the feedback loop
the other part of the US that has little regulation, apart from the often talked about banking sector, is in town-planning and in fact the worst hit areas have been those in already declining markets (like detroit) and fringe-boom markets (like colorado)
the real problem with the un-regulated loop is eventually the supply catches up and the demand runs out – even with 110% 50 year mortgages
australia doesn’t allow new development too easily, except in the fringes
under the guise of ‘heritage overlays’ and ‘character areas’ we can protect the property prices of the status quo, while allowing supply (of housing…not infrastructure) but not oversupply in the ever-expanding fringe to increase the demand for the well-serviced central burbs… you can make a lot of money in local council
its supply / demand geographically targeted
much like the shape of our cities – its just a big pyramid scheme
Steve Keen again on Crikey predicting the end of the Oz housing market. Get over it mate, it won’t ever happen. Why? (as Kevin says) Because of demand and government subsidies. We have an annual shortfall of about 40,000 houses just to meet natural population growth plus we have record high immigration. They all have to live somewhere. The other reason is political – the first home owners grant wasn’t to help first home buyers, it was to keep the value of existing home owners assets high. Any amateur economist could see that the grant scheme would just increase prices. The one thing, the only thing, that would see the Rudd government tossed out at the next election would be a big drop in house prices. He won’t let that happen and the govt will re-introduce the higher level of grants next year if prices do look like falling. Alex
Bakerboy.
Just look carefully at the two graphs.
In the mid 80’s American and Australian real house prices where on par.
Then the Austrlaian market jumps ahead with about a 50 000 dollar lead but still follows the same trends as the American market. ,untill about 2007 where the Australian market goes through the roof and the American market starts its downward slide.
Does the 50 000 dollar lead, that occoured after 1987, equate to supply and demand?
Did Australia loose thousands of homes or have a massive increase in population just after 1987 to warrant such a rise?
How does the argument about supply and demand fit with the long term picture here?