I say to you: that we are in a battle, and that more than half of this battle is taking place in the battlefield of the media. — Ayman al-Zawahiri, 2005
If it bleeds, it leads. — Informal media industry rule
Beheading videos are hardly new. In fact, al-Qaeda once produced so many of the grisly propaganda artifacts in the 2000s that it realised they were losing their media potency, and curtailed them. What was once regarded as a new low of horrific barbarity became run-of-the-mill media fodder.
Now with the murder of James Foley, they’ve been revived by Islamic State militants, a group that has already proved highly adept at using social media to both terrorise their opponents within Iraq and stoke Western outrage. And they know exactly what buttons to push in the Western media to maximise their coverage. Some of their propaganda looks to be photoshopped, but the murder of Foley is ostentatious savagery, a grisly kind of terrorism theatre designed to enrage. The fact that a British executioner was used is hardly accidental either.
As Fairfax’s Tom Allard explains in an excellent analysis today, the broader IS goal with the video is to build up pressure on Western governments to take stronger military action in Syria and Iraq. It’s plainly working, as angry media commentators and politicians demand action. GOP veteran John McCain — who admittedly never met a war he didn’t like — called the beheading a “turning point”, saying “you’ve got to dramatically increase the airstrikes”. “Destroy the Islamic State,” demanded the UK Telegraph’s defence editor. The local Telegraph — which ran a column by Andrew Bolt channelling Margaret Thatcher’s advice about terrorism, demanding that the government “cut off Clive Palmer’s oxygen”, while putting the Foley murder on its front page — declared it an evil that “must not be allowed to stand”.
In that context, the outrage directed at News Corp tabloids here and elsewhere giving the moment of Foley’s death front-page treatment is misplaced; any publicity for the murder, whether there’s a blade showing or not, does the work of IS.
“The obsessive preoccupation with terrorism is a bizarre case of prioritising a threat that harms far fewer of us than car crashes, crime or easily preventable diseases.”
Whether the militants will be around long enough to reap the rewards of their strategy isn’t clear: they are suffering significant reversals because of US air strikes and attacks by US-backed Kurdish forces. But experience tells us it’s a sound strategy. The Iraq War played out exactly in line with Osama bin Laden’s original goal behind 9/11 — to induce a furious United States to militarily intervene in Muslim countries and thereby anger and radicalise extremists on a mass scale. The US, and docile allies like the UK and Australia, spent $2 trillion creating a whole new generation of terrorists, and IS wants us to repeat the dose. IS and Western neoconservatives (and the military and contracting industries that back them) are thus locked into an unspoken but very real alliance of interests — each needs the other to perpetuate the War on Terror.
The beheading front page also illustrates how race and terrorism work to prevent us, or at least the media that purports to serve us, from thinking rationally. It’s to state a commonplace to note that a white, English-speaking individual’s death carries more weight than that of a non-white, non-Anglophone individual for the media; 2000 Gazans, the bulk of them civilians, can be blown apart by the Israeli military without many in the media seeing anything newsworthy, let alone disturbing; another Islamic extremist group of notable brutality, Boko Haram, has killed over 2000 Nigerians in 2014 but only gets Western attention when a Twitter hashtag goes viral.
What IS has done, however, is skilfully play to Western fears in a way that Boko Haram could never do no matter how many Nigerian schoolchildren it abducted or slaughtered: the white, English-speaking Westerner — and a member of the media — far from home, fallen into the wrong hands, horrifically murdered, with the unsubtle suggestion that the individuals who did it or those who share their views could be on your streets in London, or Sydney, or Chicago. It was “better to fight them in Iraq than here” was one of the neocon justifications for the Iraq War, an updating of the Vietnam-era line that it was was better to fight them in the jungles of Asia than in Pasadena (to which Michael Herr said he felt like replying, “at least we might win if it was in Pasadena”); IS and its vile terrorism theatre seeks to goad us into the same self-defeating argument.
Meanwhile, as always, far greater threats to the lives of Westerners, things that kill far more Australians and Americans and Brits than will ever be killed, no matter how horrifically, by terrorists, are ignored. It takes a particularly dramatic case of domestic violence to even get media coverage, let alone a front page, despite the dozens of women and children killed each year by partners and parents in Australia. The point is not to equate terrorism and intimate partner violence, but to note that for anyone focused entirely on the lives and health of Australians, the obsessive preoccupation with terrorism is a bizarre case of prioritising a threat that harms far fewer of us than car crashes, crime or easily preventable diseases.
The fact that it “harms far fewer of us than car crashes, crime or easily preventable diseases” is without dispute. Also a fact is that these murderers would like to do the same to any man woman & child if it so pleases them or their stupid beliefs. I think that is worth being aware of.
Bernard ,
your the first thing i go to in my daily Crikey.
what was the point of your article today? lets outsmart them by ignoring them, and it will all go away,la la la,
oh and by the way people get killed in ways other than beheadings, so nothing to see here…….
A well reasoned and thought provoking article, Bernard.
Western intervention in the middle east and Afghanistan is always done by ‘civilised’ rules with careful attempts at distinguishing between combatants and civilians. These are not the rules IS plays by, as beheadings and religious cleansing indicate.
So unless the approach in an intervention is no holds barred aiming for a complete win, then action should be very carefully measured to make sure it supports locals willing to act themselves and does not make things worse. A ‘complete win’ is going to involve deaths in the millions. That is not a step we can take and remain civilised societies. So the answer is that we had better come to terms with constant low level terrorism – which in a risk management sense is not that serious for western societies with careful security.
I am not advocating this as an abstract – I work in Pakistan and live it.
“IS and Western neoconservatives (and the military and contracting industries that back them) are thus locked into an unspoken but very real alliance of interests — each needs the other to perpetuate the War on Terror.” Very 1984!
“with the unsubtle suggestion that the individuals who did it or those who share their views could be on your streets in London” And right on cue our dear leader announces “”It just goes to show that this is not just something that happens elsewhere, it could happen in countries like Australia if we relax our vigilance against terrorism and potential terrorism here on our shores….”This is why we do need new legislation to strengthen the powers of our security agencies to make it easier to detain and jail people who have been involved in terrorist activities overseas and why we also need legislation to ensure that the police and other security agencies continue to have access to telecommunications data.”