We’re robbing the future, and we know it. Not just in this country but everywhere. There are many examples, like infrastructure and investment in research, although climate change is the most obvious one.
The decisions that must be taken are obvious. The political structures that would let us take them are absent. Short-run electoral cycles and long-term decisions are not compatible.
So I worry about the future. I worry often. I was worrying just the other day, in fact, around lunchtime. What happened next was unexpected. I had a strange idea. It arrived quickly, like a bird landing in a tree.
What if, I found myself asking, instead of dividing Australia’s levels of government geographically, we divided them temporally?
(This is hypothetical, as you shall soon see.)
Long and short run governments
Some people bleat about creating “a new era of politics” in which we all consider the long-term, but they seem to assume society will suddenly come to its senses. There’s no sign of that happening. We need structural change.
Let’s indulge in a flight of imagination for a moment. Instead of state and federal governments we could have:
- a right-now government that is re-elected, say, every two years; and
- a look-to-the-horizon government that faces the electorate, say, every 12 years.
The former would focus on the issues of the here and now while the latter would deal with the long-term.
The long-run government could be given the responsibility for all those things we currently tend to put off dealing with. Like climate, infrastructure, basic research investment, tax adequacy, preventative health, etc.
The short-run government could deal with pressing risks to national security, the day-to-day administration of the systems set up by the long-run government, emergencies, acute fiscal responses to economic downturns, etc.
Australia already has two main levels of government, state and federal. They already operate on different electoral timetables, and although the four-yearly drumbeat of the state four year cycle is not dramatically slower than the staccato of our triennial federal elections, some differences can already be perceived in the ways they operate.
This is stupid
Oh, I know.
Objections to this plan suggest themselves immediately. The split between short and long-run is entirely arbitrary. Managing fiscal responsibilities would be a nightmare. The long-tenure politicians could grow fat and lazy. Their short-run colleagues would be frenzied and absurd. The cost of change would be immense.
And I am not a crazy person. I understand perfectly that chucking out our federal system of government is not inside the “Overton window” of acceptable policy options. It’s not just outside the window — it’s over the hill and a million miles away. Publishing one article on an independent website — no matter how terrific that website might be, does not change that.
So why discuss it? Because considering hypotheticals can give us clarity.
We’re already considering long vs short term, just badly
Inside our governments, we make many choices designed to shield certain types of decision from the pressure of the political cycle.
- The Reserve Bank of Australia is independent, for example, because governments might be tempted to push interest rates down to give the economy a costly short-run boost.
- Infrastructure Australia and Infrastructure Victoria are meant to be independent because we know governments like to promise long-term projects in order to reap short run electoral gains.
- The EU has fiscal rules that control how governments may spend in the short-run, in order that the long-run not be forgotten.
Some of these work well — our independent central bank is a shining light — but there is no system for deciding which kinds of processes should be taken out of the churning insanity of the electoral cycle. It is ad hoc. That leaves some long-run decisions — funding basic research in universities, say, or investing in preventative health — unloved.
Risks
The idea I sketched out above — two levels of government with very different horizons over which their success should be judged — could of course morph into a gargantuan failure.
The primary risk is that the short-term focus of our polity in fact has nothing to do with the electoral cycle. Perhaps myopia is instead an inherent bias of homo sapiens in 21st century form. This would be an … expensive way to discover that.
Other things might go wrong. The long-run arm of government could taken over by fiscal conservatives who decide to “starve the beast,” running the government into the ground – even if we change our minds about that. Or the linkages from long-term to short-term could be far too complex to divide like this, and we might have no idea which government to which we should assign responsibilities.
Thinking about these problems could be precisely the point though.
What’s the point of fantasising about change?
Letting democracies settle into their ruts does not seem very helpful. Parties get entrenched, politicians learn how to bend the rules to their benefit, and after a while that becomes your political culture. As Nassim Nicholas Taleb argues, stable systems are fragile.
If changing the way we govern ourselves would be useful for re-setting standards and improving politics in our country, then even considering hypothetical changes to the way we are governed could also help lift expectations and standards, ever-so-slightly.
Would this work? Write to boss@crikey.com.au and let us know.
I can’t see any of these ideas taking hold. But on the “wouldn’t be good if….thoughts – why not limit all politicians to two terms of parliament and the senate. They could stand for election again after two terms doing something else. Also, a ten year ban on any ex MPs and senators taking a job with any organisation with which they had legitimate dealings while being being able to vote on legislation.
Just as an example, there are two labor senators in my home state of Tasmania who take the first places on the senate ticket for the next election. I cannot remember either of them making a worthwhile contribution on anything, and heaven knows how long they have been taking our money and not delivering.
And change section 44 so a person who has dual nationality can stand for parliament. And not make it a condition that a person who is employed by government has to resign their position to stand – e.g. nurses, teachers. If they fail in the bid to be elected they have lost twice.
Hey, Mary, I am with you. Limit all politicians to two terms of parliament and the Senate. They could stand for election again after two terms doing something else. Also, a ten-year ban on any ex MPs and senators taking a job with any organisation with which they had legitimate dealings while being able to vote on legislation.
Sounds like a democracy to me!
Bravo Jason for having a go. My 4 step proposal:
1. Ban all for-profit organisations and peak bodies from directly lobbying government.
2. Ban faceless political advisers from all ministerial offices and mandate that politicians rely on objective advice from a professional public service.
3. Decouple top-level public service appointments from the executive government and set up a commission to make the appointments.
4. Establish a Commonwealth corruption commission.
1. I look forward to more public TV and media campaigns a la the Mining Council and Business Council’s slaying of the Rudd Government, then. Joy. I think I prefer the private lobbying to that.
It’s also impossible to police unless you get to “you can’t even take a call from your old school friend who now works for Wesfarmers and you have to walk out of that party if your wife’s friend who’s a PR at CSL walks in” kind of levels.
Donation bans and restrictions are fine, I think this takes it too far.
2. Don’t be ridiculous. You can’t restrict who people get advice from. This would also lead to even worse politicisation of the public service than is already the case, and also cement one particular view of the world. Nobody who has watched Yes Minister could possibly think it wise to ensure the only source of policy advice is the public service.
3. This isn’t a bad idea, although I feel someone like Mike Pezzullo would still sneak through.
4. Already ALP policy.
Contrary to Arky I like all these suggestions. If Arky has a problem with number 1 we could exclude large corporates from donating to parties, we should anyway, and not allow them to contribute to any group that advertises on any political issues.
Come on Arky, anyone can say why an idea won’t work, that’s lazy stuff. Tell us how it could work.
How about electorates based on age rather than geography?
Maybe if a share of the parliamentary voice were restricted to those elected by under 25s there might be a focus on issues impacting younger people disproportionately such as education, unemployment and longer term issues like climate change, environmental degradation and the like.
Two issues:
– Lack of local representation. Don’t underestimate the work MPs and their electorate offices do. MPs attached to particular age groups would have no such connection.
– Yay generation wars. It’s bad enough to feel right now that elections turn on who can win over West Sydney and south-east Queensland without it becoming all about who can win over the 35-50 bracket. (And the safely left-voting under 25s would be pretty ignored too).
Stop it Arky. How could it work? Your response to 1 assumes that local representation works. Ha! And 2 that generational representation would work less well.
Neither assumption is reasonable.
For my two bob’s worth – I would have half the Senate from each state chosen by ballot, like juries are. If juries are good enough to understand and make decisions based on legal argument, they are good enough to do the same based on political debate.
Not a terrible suggestion. Combine that regional representation with generational ballots and cultural ballots according to census data, plus guaranteed representation for indigenous people and a gender balance.
We’re flying.
As long as we’re bringing out the crazy ideas…
(Roughly) 5 seat super-electorates in the Reps, elected Hare-Clarke. That way, there’d usually be 2 Labor, 2 coalition, and one other or up-for-grabs. Constituents would have more than one member, so even if one of them turns out to be the PM you still get a chance to bend a member’s ear about ordinary stuff. Fairly stable numbers in the house, but an increased likelihood of minority government and coalitions, which to my mind actually seem to work better recently than clear majorities.
I have no idea what the real effect of such a system would be. I suspect it would take a generation to properly wash out; but the result might be a more responsive parliament that better reflects the people.
Dunno, how’s it working for Canberra and Tassie?
Their state/territory governments look about the same as the rest of them to me in that regard, but I don’t live there- happy to be told otherwise.