surveillance camera on great wall of china
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An explosive report by the Australian Strategic Policy Institute has revealed China is building the world’s largest police-run DNA database by harvesting blood samples of millions of men and young boys. 

It marks a significant escalation in China’s concerted effort to monitor and track its citizens’ every move.

According to the report, which has also been picked up by The New York Times, Chinese authorities are enrolling tens of millions of people in the surveillance program, including preschool-age children and young men who have no history of serious criminal activity. 

Those individuals “have no control over how their samples are collected, stored and used. Nor do they have a clear understanding of the potential implications of DNA collection for them and their extended families”, the report’s authors Emile Dirks and Dr James Leibold said. 

Escalation 

China has been collecting DNA samples from ethnic minorities for the better part of a decade.  

In 2017, Human Rights Watch reported Chinese authorities in Xinjiang were collecting fingerprints, iris scans, and blood types of all residents in the region between the age of 12 and 65. Tibetans have also been a target of this kind of surveillance.

The latest report signals the government is intent on creating a genomic and surveillance map not just of target communities but the entire population. It comes after a 2018 Foreign Correspondent report that revealed the extent of the government’s digital surveillance program, which included a social credit scorecard that evaluates citizens on their behaviour. The program is enforced by surveillance cameras equipped with facial recognition, body scanning technology and geo-tracking devices, all now ubiquitous in China.

Corporate assistance 

The Chinese police are not doing the dirty work on their own. They have enlisted the help of  multinational biotech firms for help with DNA collection supplies and testing equipment. US biotech firm Thermo Fisher is one such company, which has sold tailor-made DNA testing equipment to Chinese authorities, in an apparent breach of US rules.

The report says global surveillance companies must conduct audits to ensure their technology is not being used by the Chinese government in ways that violate the human and civil rights of Chinese citizens. 

Foreign intervention 

As shocking as the details are, the report sees a role in foreign governments in slowing down China’s rapidly growing surveillance state. It calls on foreign governments to limit exports of biotechnology products to China.

“Foreign governments must strengthen export controls on biotechnology and related intellectual property and research data that’s sold to or shared with the Chinese government and its domestic public and private partners,” it says.

But with Australia’s relationship with China at an all-time low, this may not be a fight it’s willing to take on.