Treasurer Josh Frydenberg (Image: AAP/Lukas Coch)

Two intriguing realities have been confirmed in recent days. The first is that the Morrison government and the pro-Coalition media are campaigning vigorously already on government spending. The second is that the Morrison government is Australia’s highest-spending administration on record.

Treasurer Josh Frydenberg told Sky News last week that “the Labor Party are addicted to higher spending and higher taxes. And we saw that at the last election.”

He added later, regarding Labor Leader Anthony Albanese, that “he’s addicted, as the left of the Labor Party are, to high taxes and more spending”.

Yes, we did indeed see at the last election a successful campaign depicting Labor as big taxing and big spending. But as the recent Final Budget Outcome (FBO) for 2020-21 shows clearly, that was not true in 2019, is not true now and has never been true.

The real big spenders

The highest-spending government by far, as a percentage of gross domestic product (GDP), is the Morrison government.

Table B1 of the FBO shows its annual average rate of general government payments is 26.2% of GDP, the highest since records began in 1970. The lowest-spending administration, also by a substantial margin, was the Whitlam government, at just 19.7% of GDP each year. These demonstrable facts have not hindered the Coalition and the media from mounting a highly effective operation denigrating Labor.

The bright young boffins at mediacloud.org measure how often the mainstream media use key words in their news coverage. Tracking “government spending” shows this was deployed constantly during the Labor years — usually expressing alarm and dismay — but less so after the change of government in 2013.

As the chart shows, use of the term did not correlate with actual spending. Even when government payments hit an all-time high of 27.7% of GDP in 2020, this did not excite economics reporters much. Even less so, it seems from the graph, in 2021 when a fresh record high of 31.6% was reached.

The pandemic and the GFC

Of course, Coalition defenders will argue the pandemic necessitated all that spending. Maybe. But the FBO shows that Australia got through the global financial crisis spending only 25.9% of GDP in 2009-10, the year of world-leading stimulus expenditure. 

We can see now that while the billions spent in 2009 and 2010 seemed eye-watering then, Australia’s GDP grew strongly through productivity increases, retention of export revenue, steady wage rises, vast infrastructure development and minimum waste.

In contrast, this time around productivity is stagnant, export profits are largely untaxed, wages have flatlined, infrastructure investment is at an all-time low and waste is in the multiple tens of billions. 

GDP has contracted in three out of the past seven quarters, with the September number just 0.2% higher than the figure posted two years ago.

Highest-taxing governments

Tax data shows the media has used this topic effectively to damn Labor, despite its consistent superiority. Again, as this graph shows, there was frenzied gloom-and-doom coverage of taxation through the Labor years, but far fewer mentions as the tax burden rose steadily thereafter.

The FBO (Table B3) shows the lowest-taxing government since records began in 1970 was again Whitlam’s, with just 18.3% of GDP collected annually on average. Malcolm Fraser’s came next with 20.8%, then Kevin Rudd/Julia Gillards’ with 21.2%.

The level was 23.3% when Rudd took charge in 2007. It then fell steadily to 19.9% in 2010-11, the lowest level since the 1970s. The next lowest taxing period was under Bob Hawke and Paul Keating, with 21.8% of GDP taken each year.

The highest-taxing administration by a huge margin was the Howard government. It took the level from 21.9% in the year it won office, 1996, up to 24.3% in 2005 and 2006. The average tax take over its tenure was 23.4%. 

The second worse period was the Coalition since 2013, which has increased the impost substantially every year except 2019-20. From 21.3% when the Coalition defeated Labor, it rose steadily, hitting 23.0% in 2019. The average impost since Morrison has been PM is 22.5% of GDP.

Is it possible facts might enter the media discussion on taxing and spending in this election campaign? We shall see.